HISTORY OF MUMTAZ MAHAL

MUMTAZ MAHAL 

‎Before she became the renowned Empress of the Mughal Empire, Mumtaz Mahal was known as Arjumand Banu Begum. She was born in Agra into a distinguished family of Persian nobility. She was the daughter of Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan, a prominent Persian noble with significant influence in the Mughal Empire, Her remarkable journey began when she became engaged to Shah Jahan in 1607 at the tender age of 14, while he was just a year older at 15. Their union was beautifully solemnized five years later, in 1612, in the historic city of Agra.

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‎Shah Jahan, deeply enchanted by her beauty and character, bestowed upon her the title Mumtaz Mahal, meaning 'the exalted one of the palace'. She was truly cherished for her beauty, intelligence, and grace.

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‎Motamid Khan, the official court chronicler, described Shah Jahan's relationship with his other wives as merely formal, while his bond with Mumtaz Mahal was filled with profound intimacy, affection, and favor that surpassed what he felt for anyone else.

‎ Another historian even noted that Shah Jahan's love for Mumtaz was immensely stronger a thousand times than for his other wives, and in his eyes, no one could close to her.

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‎Shah Jahan valued Mumtaz's wisdom immensely, seeking her guidance in both personal and state matters. She was not only his confidant but also a trusted adviser and because of this, she had enormous political power. Mumtaz sat next to the emperor in the Hall of Private Audience and Hall of Public Audience. She was hidden behind a curtain; if she did not agree with something, she would place her hand on his back, out of sight. At her intercession, he forgave enemies or commuted death sentences.His trust in her was so great that he gave her the highest honour of the land – his imperial seal, the Mehr Uzaz,which validated imperial decrees and nothing could be done without her consent.

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‎Mumtaz had a loving marriage with Shah Jahan. Even during her lifetime, poets would extol her beauty, grace, and compassion. Despite her frequent pregnancies, Mumtaz travelled with Shah Jahan's entourage throughout his earlier military campaigns. She was his constant companion and trusted confidant, leading court historians to go to unheard lengths to document the intimate and erotic relationship the couple enjoyed. In their 19 years of marriage, they had 14 children together (eight sons and six daughters),seven of whom died at birth or at a very young age.

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‎Their 19 year marriage was marked by a rare partnership, built on mutual respect and genuine affection.

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‎Mumtaz Mahal sadly passed away from postpartum hemorrhage in Burhanpur on June 17, 1631, during the birth of her 14th child, after enduring a long labor of about 30 hours. She had been accompanying her husband, Shah Jahan, while he was engaged in a campaign on the Deccan Plateau. Her body was temporarily laid to rest in a charming walled garden in Burhanpur called Zainabad, which was originally built by Shah Jahan's uncle Daniyal on the banks of the Tapti River. The court chroniclers of the time devoted significant attention to Mumtaz Mahal's passing and Shah Jahan's profound sorrow over her loss. In the wake of her death, the emperor was said to be inconsolable, retreating into a year of seclusion and mourning. When he finally emerged, he was visibly changed, with white hair, a bent back, and a weary face.

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‎Mumtaz's eldest daughter, Jahanara Begum, gently helped her father through his grief, eventually assuming her mother's role at court.

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‎The construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and was completed in 1653, involving the efforts of thousands of laborers from across Asia. Shah Jahan commissioned this magnificent mausoleum in memory of Mumtaz Mahal, and it stands as a testament to enduring love and devotion.

‎English poet Sir Edwin Arnold beautifully described it, saying it is "Not a piece of architecture, as other buildings are, but the proud passion of an emperor's love wrought in living stones." The Taj Mahal's breathtaking beauty is often seen as a reflection of Mumtaz Mahal's own beauty, leading many to describe the monument as having a feminine grace.

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